Strawberry cultivation has long been valued for its significant economic impact and consumer appeal. However, the complex genetic background of octoploid strawberries, arising from the hybridization of multiple diploid ancestors, poses challenges for genetic research and crop improvement. To fully leverage its genetic diversity and address limitations like disease susceptibility, a high-quality, complete genome is essential. These challenges necessitate comprehensive research to deepen understanding and refine breeding strategies for strawberry improvement.
On November 27, 2023, researchers from the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences published (DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad252) a detailed genome assembly for the 'Benihoppe' strawberry in Horticulture Research. This groundbreaking study, published with Oxford University Press, achieves a phased, gap-free genome structure for each subgenome (ABCD) of the strawberry. The assembly is expected to transform genetic research on strawberries by providing a robust foundation for studying traits tied to disease resistance, flavor, and fruit ripening.
The study reveals that subgenome A, closely related to Fragaria vesca, is dominant in the octoploid cultivated strawberry, retaining the highest gene count with minimal transposable elements, low DNA methylation, and high expression levels associated with fruit ripening. In contrast, subgenomes B, C, and D show structural differences and varying methylation patterns, especially around transposable elements near genes. These differences illustrate a parallel evolution among subgenomes B, C, and D while subgenome A remains stable, evolving under strong purifying selection.
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