According to a study co-led by The University of Queensland, a new way of using compost could boost global crop production and deliver huge benefits to the planet.
Professor Susanne Schmidt from UQ's School of Agriculture and Food Sciences said adopting a Precision Compost Strategy (PCS) in large-scale agriculture could improve crop yield and soil health and divert biowaste from landfill where it generates harmful greenhouse gases.
"Instead of relying just on mineral fertilizers, PCS involves supplementing the right type of compost with nutrients to match the needs of soils and crops," Professor Schmidt said. "Soils that have become compacted and acidic are then aerated and neutralized.
Compost granules form part of the Precision Compost Strategy.
"The result is they can retain more water, facilitate root growth and nourish the organisms that keep soils and crops healthy." Professor Schmidt said soil plays a crucial role in ensuring global food security. "But currently, 30 percent of the world's agricultural soil is classified as degraded, with projections that this could rise to 90 percent by 2050," she said.
Boosting food production
"Our research estimates PCS could boost the annual global production of major cereal crops by 96 million tons, or 4 percent of current production. This has flow-on effects for consumers by addressing food shortages and price hikes." The study found applying PCS to large-scale agriculture could also help mitigate climate change.
"In Australia alone, more than 7 million tons of biowaste ends up in landfill every year where it generates huge amounts of avoidable greenhouse gases and other undesirable effects," Professor Schmidt said.
"If we repurpose it, we can restore crucial carbon in cropland topsoil. There are cost benefits too - diverting just 15,000 tons of biowaste could save a local council as much as $2-3 million a year."
Far North Queensland sugarcane farmer Tony Rossi said his family's company V. Rossi & Sons, had been using precision compost for seven years with great success. "We've been able to almost halve our fertilizer use which is so much better for the environment, and our crop yield is the same," Mr. Rossi said. More than 2,000 examples of compost use in the agricultural sector across the globe were analyzed as part of the PCS study.
For more information:
University of Queensland
www.uq.edu.au